Hemp seeds (Cannabis sativa) fall under subheading 120799 and are subject to DEA and USDA oversight in addition to standard customs requirements. Sterilized hemp seeds intended for food use have a different regulatory pathway than viable seed intended for planting. Importers must ensure seeds meet the applicable THC and viability standards and should consult a licensed customs broker with experience in hemp commodity imports before shipment.

Poppy seeds (Papaver somniferum) classify under subheading 120791. While food-grade poppy seeds are legally imported for culinary use, DEA monitors poppy seed imports because the plant is the source of opium alkaloids. Shipments must comply with FDA food-safety standards, and importers should be aware that some origins have faced import alerts due to contamination concerns. Documentation of food-grade certification from the supplier is advisable.