Crude and refined-but-not-chemically-modified oils fall under their commodity-specific headings (e.g., 1507 for soybean, 1511 for palm). Once an oil undergoes hydrogenation, interesterification, or other chemical modification, it moves to heading 1516 (if partially or fully hydrogenated) or 1518 (other chemically modified fats and oils). The degree and type of processing are the decisive classification factors.

Edible fats and oils intended for human consumption are subject to FDA oversight, including compliance with food additive regulations and labeling requirements. Certain animal-derived fats may also attract USDA FSIS attention if derived from inspected species. Importers should confirm the regulatory pathway for their specific product with a licensed customs broker before shipment.