Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Matches & Pyrophoric Alloys

ATF requires importers of explosive materials—including propellant powders, prepared explosives, and detonating devices—to hold a federal explosives import license or permit. The specific license type depends on the intended use (commercial, research, or personal). Fireworks classified as consumer articles may follow a separate pathway but still require compliance with CPSC regulations and, in some cases, DOT hazmat transport rules.

The distinction under 3604 generally follows the explosive charge weight and intended end use. Consumer fireworks contain smaller charges and are sold for retail use, while display fireworks (also called professional or 1.3G fireworks) contain larger charges and are restricted to licensed operators. The classification may also affect applicable DOT hazmat class designations and state-level import restrictions.