USDA APHIS imposes import conditions on animal bones based on BSE and other disease-risk assessments. Requirements vary by species (bovine versus other), country of origin's BSE risk status, and the degree of processing — for example, whether bones have been defatted, acid-treated, or rendered. Importers should consult current APHIS regulations and obtain the required permits before shipment.

Ossein is demineralized bone collagen produced by treating bones with acid — it is classified under 050610 alongside other acid-treated bones. Bone meal, powder, and waste that have not undergone acid demineralization fall under 050690. The distinction is commercially significant because ossein commands a premium as a gelatin feedstock, and the two subheadings may carry different duty treatment.