Industrial Supplies and Materials

Section 232 tariffs apply to steel and aluminum products based on the product's classification, regardless of origin (with some country-specific exclusions). Section 301 tariffs apply to goods of Chinese origin across a broad range of HTS headings. When an industrial material is both a steel/aluminum product and of Chinese origin, both sets of additional duties can stack on top of the base MFN rate, significantly increasing landed cost.

Country of origin governs which trade-remedy tariffs apply, eligibility for any preferential duty treatment, and marking requirements. For processed industrial materials, the 'substantial transformation' test determines origin — the country where the last substantial transformation occurred that created a new and different article of commerce. This determination can be complex for multi-stage manufactured inputs and should be reviewed by a licensed customs broker.