Brazil nuts grow almost exclusively on wild Bertholletia excelsa trees in the Amazon basin, and commercial harvesting is legally restricted in many areas to protect forest ecosystems. This limits production to Brazil and Bolivia, meaning US importers have virtually no alternative origin options and are exposed to weather- and policy-driven supply volatility.

Brazil nuts are known to be susceptible to aflatoxin contamination, especially when improperly dried or stored. FDA monitors imported nut shipments for mycotoxin levels, and shipments exceeding action levels may be refused entry. Importers should request aflatoxin test results from suppliers and verify that storage and transit conditions meet food safety standards. Consult a licensed customs broker or food safety specialist for current admissibility requirements.