The key classification factors are whether the product transmits signals via light (optical fibers) versus electrical current, the construction of the fiber bundle (individually sheathed vs. loose-tube), and whether any metallic conductors are present for power or reinforcement. Cables with both optical fibers and electrical conductors may be classified differently depending on the principal function, so a binding ruling from CBP is advisable for ambiguous constructions.

Certain optical fiber cable products have been subject to antidumping and countervailing duty investigations targeting specific countries of origin. Importers should check the current scope of any active orders with the International Trade Administration before shipment, as scope rulings can be product-specific and country-specific.