Exporters must obtain a phytosanitary certificate from their national plant protection organization confirming the shipment is free of regulated pests. USDA APHIS inspectors at the port of entry may examine or treat the shipment; some commodities from certain origins require an APHIS import permit or are subject to specific treatment protocols before entry is allowed.

Importers of fresh vegetables often file entry documents in advance of vessel arrival and request priority examination to minimize cold-chain disruption. Working with a customs broker experienced in perishables — and pre-registering with FDA's Prior Notice system — can significantly reduce port dwell time and spoilage risk.