Commonly traded species include earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris and Eisenia fetida) for composting and bait, marine worms such as bloodworms (Glycera dibranchiata) and sandworms (Nereis virens) for fishing bait, and tubifex worms for aquarium fish feed.

Live worms generally face fewer regulatory barriers than other live animals, but USDA APHIS may require permits for certain species that could pose agricultural pest risks; state-level regulations may also restrict the importation of non-native earthworm species.

Live worms are generally imported duty-free into the United States under the MFN tariff rate; importers should verify current rates in the USITC Harmonized Tariff Schedule and check for any applicable trade agreement preferences.