The grade-specific subheadings (470710, 470720, 470730) apply when the recovered stock is predominantly of that fiber type — unbleached kraft/corrugated, bleached chemical pulp, or mechanical pulp respectively. Mixed or unsorted bales that cannot be characterized by a dominant fiber type fall under 470790. Industry grade specifications (e.g., ISRI grades) can help document the composition, but the classification ultimately rests on the actual fiber makeup of the shipment.

Paper and paperboard scrap under 4707 has not historically been a primary target of antidumping or Section 301 measures, but importers should verify the current tariff schedule for any applicable measures at the specific 10-digit HTS line level, as trade-remedy coverage can change. Country of origin and the specific subheading both matter.