Pistachios are particularly susceptible to Aspergillus mold growth, which produces aflatoxins, especially when harvested under drought stress or stored improperly. FDA enforces action levels for aflatoxin in tree nuts, and in-shell product can be harder to sample representatively than shelled kernels. Importers should require lot-specific certificates of analysis and be aware that FDA may detain shipments from origins under active import alerts.

Both split and closed-shell pistachios classify under 080251 when in-shell. Commercially, naturally split shells indicate maturity and are preferred for roasted snack markets, while closed-shell nuts are often mechanically processed or used in confectionery. Buyers should specify split percentage in purchase contracts, as it directly affects yield and retail value.