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HSChapter 29
U.S. imports of lactones (HS 293220) totaled $25.5M in April 2026, traded with 26 countries.
Importers of Lactones paid $1.6M in duties in April 2026 — an effective duty rate of 8.1% on $19.4M in dutiable value, based on actual customs collections rather than the published tariff schedule. Lactones imports of $25.5M in April 2026 ran 16% above the year-to-date monthly average of $22.1M.
Last updated: April 2026 dataLactones — cyclic esters formed by intramolecular condensation — span a wide commercial range under this heading, from flavor and fragrance ingredients like coumarin (2932200500) to pharmaceutical intermediates, pesticide actives, and food-grade additives such as glucono-delta-lactone (2932205020) and sodium erythorbate/sodium isoascorbate (2932205030). The US schedule further separates aromatic lactones by end-use (pesticide, drug, or US Note 3 Section VI list) and distinguishes butyrolactone (2932205010) as a standalone non-aromatic line. China and India together account for the bulk of US imports, with the United Kingdom and Switzerland supplying higher-value pharmaceutical-grade material. Importers of lactones intended for food or drug use should be aware that FDA may require additional documentation depending on the intended application.
AI-written summary of the official U.S. Census Bureau trade figures on this page — verify before relying on it.
The HTS uses end-use distinctions — pesticide, drug, US Note 3 Section VI list, and other — to apply differentiated duty rates and to align with regulatory oversight. Misclassifying an aromatic lactone by end-use can result in incorrect duty payment and potential compliance issues, so importers should document the intended application and consult a customs broker when the use is ambiguous.
Sodium erythorbate, classified at 2932205030, is widely used as a food antioxidant and curing accelerant. When imported for food use, it falls under FDA oversight, and the importer of record should ensure the product meets applicable food-grade specifications and that the foreign manufacturer is registered with FDA as required under the Food Safety Modernization Act.
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Monthly import values over time
HS10 import codes under this HS6 parent. Source: U.S. Harmonized Tariff Schedule.
| Code | Description | Import Value | Effective Tariff % | Duty Collected |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2932205050 | OTHER NON-AROMATIC LACTONES | $20.2M | 6.80% | $955K |
| 2932201000 | AROMATIC LACTONES USED AS PESTICIDES | $1.4M | 16.50% | $249K |
| 2932205020 | GLUCONO-DELTA-LACTONE | $1.3M | 3.70% | $29K |
| 2932200500 | COUMARIN, METHYLCOUMARINS, AND ETHYLCOUMARINS | $777K | 14.17% | $77K |
| 2932205030 | SODIUM ERYTHORBATE (SODIUM ISOASCORBATE) | $727K | 3.75% | $27K |
| 2932203000 | OTHER AROM LACTONES DESCRIB IN U.S.NOTE 3 SECT 6 | $570K | 6.50% | $33K |
| 2932204500 | OTHER AROM LACTONES (EXC PROD IN US NT 3 SECT 6) | $477K | 16.23% | $202K |
| 2932202000 | AROMATIC LACTONES USED AS DRUGS | $41K | 6.50% | $2K |
| 2932205010 | BUTYROLACTONE | $25K | 3.70% | $916 |
OTHER NON-AROMATIC LACTONES
AROMATIC LACTONES USED AS PESTICIDES
GLUCONO-DELTA-LACTONE
COUMARIN, METHYLCOUMARINS, AND ETHYLCOUMARINS
SODIUM ERYTHORBATE (SODIUM ISOASCORBATE)
OTHER AROM LACTONES DESCRIB IN U.S.NOTE 3 SECT 6
OTHER AROM LACTONES (EXC PROD IN US NT 3 SECT 6)
AROMATIC LACTONES USED AS DRUGS
BUTYROLACTONE
HS10 export codes under this HS6 parent. Source: U.S. Schedule B export classification.
| Code | Description | Export Value |
|---|---|---|
| 2932206000 | LACTONES, NESOI | $6.7M |
| 2932200500 | COUMARIN, METHYLCOUMARINS, AND ETHYLCOUMARINS | $373K |
| 2932202000 | AROMATIC LACTONES USED AS DRUGS | $85K |
| 2932201000 | AROMATIC LACTONES USED AS PESTICIDES | $82K |
LACTONES, NESOI
746.3K kg
COUMARIN, METHYLCOUMARINS, AND ETHYLCOUMARINS
8.1K kg
AROMATIC LACTONES USED AS DRUGS
450 kg
AROMATIC LACTONES USED AS PESTICIDES
3.6K kg
NUCLEIC ACIDS & SALTS; OTHER HETEROCYCLIC CMP, NES
HS 293499
HETEROCYCLIC COMP W NITROGEN HETERO-ATM ONLY NESOI
HS 293399
POLYPEPTIDE PROTEIN& GLYCOPROTEIN HORMONES &DERIV
HS 293719
CMPDS CONT AN UNFUSED PYRIDINE RING ETC NESOI
HS 293339
COMP WITH PYRIMIDINE OR PIPERAZINE RING, NESOI
HS 293359
ANTIBIOTICS, NESOI
HS 294190
| State | Imports | Exports | Balance |
|---|---|---|---|
| New Jersey | $6.9M | $3.2M | -$3.8M |
| Iowa | $4.4M | -- | -$4.4M |
| Missouri | $2.5M | $119K | -$2.4M |
| Port | Imports | Exports | Balance |
|---|---|---|---|
| NEWARK, NJ | $6.5M | $413K | -$6.1M |
| TACOMA, WA | $5.3M | -- | -$5.3M |
| CHICAGO, IL | $3.5M | $71K | -$3.4M |