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U.S. imports of lactones (HS 293220) totaled $21.4M in July 2026, traded with 30 countries.
Importers of Lactones paid $1.0M in duties in July 2026 — an effective duty rate of 6.8% on $15.3M in dutiable value, based on actual customs collections rather than the published tariff schedule.
Lactones — cyclic esters formed by intramolecular condensation — span a wide commercial range under this heading, from flavor and fragrance ingredients like coumarin (2932200500) to pharmaceutical intermediates, pesticide actives, and food-grade additives such as glucono-delta-lactone (2932205020) and sodium erythorbate/sodium isoascorbate (2932205030). The US schedule further separates aromatic lactones by end-use (pesticide, drug, or US Note 3 Section VI list) and distinguishes butyrolactone (2932205010) as a standalone non-aromatic line. China and India together account for the bulk of US imports, with the United Kingdom and Switzerland supplying higher-value pharmaceutical-grade material. Importers of lactones intended for food or drug use should be aware that FDA may require additional documentation depending on the intended application.
AI-written summary of the official U.S. Census Bureau trade figures on this page — verify before relying on it.
401 shipments/mo
The HTS uses end-use distinctions — pesticide, drug, US Note 3 Section VI list, and other — to apply differentiated duty rates and to align with regulatory oversight. Misclassifying an aromatic lactone by end-use can result in incorrect duty payment and potential compliance issues, so importers should document the intended application and consult a customs broker when the use is ambiguous.
Sodium erythorbate, classified at 2932205030, is widely used as a food antioxidant and curing accelerant. When imported for food use, it falls under FDA oversight, and the importer of record should ensure the product meets applicable food-grade specifications and that the foreign manufacturer is registered with FDA as required under the Food Safety Modernization Act.
HSChapter 29
Subheading 2 of 13 in heading 2932
Subheading 293220 · $21.4M of $84.2M
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HS10 import codes under this HS6 parent, each with its own page. Source: U.S. Harmonized Tariff Schedule.
| Code | Description | Import Value | Effective Tariff % | Dutiable Share | Duty Collected |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2932205050 | Other Non-Aromatic Lactones | $16.4M | 3.62% | 64.16% | $594K |
| 2932203000 | Other Arom Lactones Describ in U.s.note 3 Sect 6 | $1.3M | 6.51% | 93.97% | $87K |
| 2932205020 | Glucono-Delta-Lactone | $970K | 3.53% | 89.30% | $34K |
| 2932205030 | Sodium Erythorbate (Sodium Isoascorbate) | $687K | 3.81% | 97.69% | $26K |
| 2932200500 | Coumarin, Methylcoumarins, And Ethylcoumarins | $671K | 12.09% | 78.46% | $81K |
| 2932201000 | Aromatic Lactones Used As Pesticides | $652K | 16.50% | 100.00% | $108K |
| 2932204500 | Other Arom Lactones (Exc Prod in US Nt 3 Sect 6) | $542K | 18.63% | 128.97% | $101K |
| 2932205010 | Butyrolactone | $108K | 4.23% | 75.49% | $5K |
| 2932202000 | Aromatic Lactones Used As Drugs | $13K | 16.50% | 100.00% | $2K |
HS10 export codes under this HS6 parent, each with its own page. Source: U.S. Schedule B export classification.
| Code | Description | Export Value |
|---|---|---|
| 2932206000 | Lactones, NESOI | $8.9M |
| 2932200500 | Coumarin, Methylcoumarins, And Ethylcoumarins | $489K |
| 2932202000 | Aromatic Lactones Used As Drugs | $45K |
| 2932201000 | Aromatic Lactones Used As Pesticides | $26K |
Import lines come from the U.S. Harmonized Tariff Schedule and export lines from Schedule B. The two are numbered by different agencies, so the same 10-digit code can appear in both tables describing a different product.
ImportsExports
Imports
$21.4MYoY · Pro
Exports
$9.5MYoY · Pro
12-mo low · imports
YoY · ProThrough July 2026. Source: U.S. Census Bureau.
Imports · July 2026
origin
China and Japan together supply 58% of it.
customs district
destination
entry
rate provision · imports
23.4% enters free of duty; the effective duty rate is 4.85%.