U.S. imports of Lactones (HS 293220) totaled $23.3M in September 2026, imported from 32 countries.
Importers of Lactones paid $2.0M in duties in September 2026, an average duty rate of 8.25% — duty actually collected as a share of the imports that cleared customs, not the published tariff schedule.
Last updated: September 2026 dataLactones — cyclic esters formed by intramolecular condensation — span a wide commercial range under this heading, from flavor and fragrance ingredients like coumarin (2932200500) to pharmaceutical intermediates, pesticide actives, and food-grade additives such as glucono-delta-lactone (2932205020) and sodium erythorbate/sodium isoascorbate (2932205030). The US schedule further separates aromatic lactones by end-use (pesticide, drug, or US Note 3 Section VI list) and distinguishes butyrolactone (2932205010) as a standalone non-aromatic line. China and India together account for the bulk of US imports, with the United Kingdom and Switzerland supplying higher-value pharmaceutical-grade material. Importers of lactones intended for food or drug use should be aware that FDA may require additional documentation depending on the intended application.
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463 import shipments a month
The HTS uses end-use distinctions — pesticide, drug, US Note 3 Section VI list, and other — to apply differentiated duty rates and to align with regulatory oversight. Misclassifying an aromatic lactone by end-use can result in incorrect duty payment and potential compliance issues, so importers should document the intended application and consult a customs broker when the use is ambiguous.
Sodium erythorbate, classified at 2932205030, is widely used as a food antioxidant and curing accelerant. When imported for food use, it falls under FDA oversight, and the importer of record should ensure the product meets applicable food-grade specifications and that the foreign manufacturer is registered with FDA as required under the Food Safety Modernization Act.
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Subheading 2 of 13 in heading 2932
Subheading 293220 · $23.3M of $231.8M
HS10 import codes under this HS6 parent, each with its own page. Source: U.S. Harmonized Tariff Schedule.
| Code | Description | Imports for consumption | Average duty rate | Dutiable Share | Duty Collected |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2932205050 | Other Non-Aromatic Lactones | $11.9M | 8.80% | 63.74% | $1.0M |
| 2932203000 | Other Arom Lactones Describ in U.s.note 3 Sect 6 | $3.6M | 13.92% | 99.68% | $501K |
| 2932205020 | Glucono-Delta-Lactone | $1.5M | 5.30% | 84.14% | $81K |
| 2932204500 | Other Arom Lactones (Exc Prod in US Nt 3 Sect 6) | $670K | 11.98% | 94.85% | $80K |
| 2932205030 | Sodium Erythorbate (Sodium Isoascorbate) | $553K | 15.29% | 99.09% | $85K |
| 2932200500 | Coumarin, Methylcoumarins, and Ethylcoumarins | $743K | 19.22% | 99.31% | $143K |
| 2932202000 | Aromatic Lactones Used As Drugs | $421K | 2.74% | 42.21% | $12K |
| 2932205010 | Butyrolactone | $61K | 13.69% | 100.00% | $8K |
| 2932202500 | 4-Hydroxycoumarin | $55K | 19.00% | 100.00% | $11K |
| 2932201000 | Aromatic Lactones Used As Pesticides | — | -- | -- | -- |
HS10 export codes under this HS6 parent, each with its own page. Source: U.S. Schedule B export classification.
| Code | Description | Export Value |
|---|---|---|
| 2932206000 | Lactones, NESOI | $7.4M |
| 2932201000 | Aromatic Lactones Used As Pesticides | $125K |
| 2932202000 | Aromatic Lactones Used As Drugs | $107K |
| 2932200500 | Coumarin, Methylcoumarins, and Ethylcoumarins | $95K |
Import lines come from the U.S. Harmonized Tariff Schedule and export lines from Schedule B. The two are numbered by different agencies, so the same 10-digit code can appear in both tables describing a different product.
Imports · September 2026
origin
China and India together supply 62% of it.
customs district
destination
entry
rate provision · imports
25.3% enters free of duty; duty collected equals 8.25% of imports for consumption.
ImportsExports
Imports
$23.3MYoY · free account
Exports
$9.1MYoY · free account
12-mo low · imports
Low · free accountOver the twelve months to September 2026, the U.S. imported $260.1M of Lactones and exported $94.1M.
Through September 2026. Source: U.S. Census Bureau.