Hydrogen

Elemental hydrogen, classified under tariff line 2804100000, is an essential industrial gas used in petroleum refining (hydrocracking and hydrotreating), ammonia synthesis, metal processing, and — increasingly — as a clean energy carrier. Canada is the leading foreign supplier to the US, consistent with the pipeline and cryogenic transport infrastructure linking the two countries' industrial gas networks. Taiwan, France, Malaysia, and Germany are also recorded sources, typically supplying specialty or high-purity hydrogen grades. The growing policy focus on low-carbon hydrogen production may affect future trade flows and classification considerations as new production pathways emerge.