Earth Colors with 70% or More Combined Iron (as Fe₂O₃)

Natural earth pigments — ochres, siennas, and umbers — qualify under this heading when their combined iron content, evaluated as Fe₂O₃, reaches 70% or more by weight, distinguishing them from synthetic iron oxide pigments classified elsewhere. Classified under tariff line 2821200000, these materials are used in architectural coatings, artist pigments, and traditional construction materials. Brazil leads US supply, followed by the United Kingdom and Italy, reflecting long-established natural pigment mining and processing industries in those countries. The iron content threshold is the critical classification criterion, and importers should obtain supplier certificates confirming Fe₂O₃ content to support entry documentation.