Lyocell and modal are both cellulose-based artificial fibers and, when in unprocessed staple form, fall under 550490 (artificial staple fibers other than viscose rayon, not processed for spinning). Viscose rayon staple has its own dedicated subheading at 550410.

Austria is home to major specialty cellulosic fiber manufacturers that produce branded viscose, lyocell, and modal staple fibers used in premium apparel and nonwoven applications. These producers supply both commodity and specialty grades that are imported by US yarn spinners and nonwoven manufacturers.