CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species) restricts trade in articles made from or incorporating listed species such as certain rosewoods (Dalbergia spp.) and ebony. Importers of decorative wood articles that may contain protected species must obtain the appropriate CITES permits and species documentation before shipment, as non-compliance can result in seizure and significant penalties.

When a wooden jewelry case or cutlery box incorporates substantial non-wood components, classification depends on which material imparts the essential character of the article. In most cases, a wooden outer shell with minor metal or fabric fittings remains classified as a wood article, but cases with elaborate metal structures or significant textile interiors may warrant a different heading. A binding ruling from CBP is the most reliable way to resolve ambiguous constructions.