Files and rasps have integral cutting teeth formed directly in the hardened steel body of the tool — no abrasive coating or bonded grain is involved. Coated abrasive products (sandpaper, abrasive cloth) and bonded abrasive tools (grinding wheels) are classified under entirely different headings. The key test is whether the cutting action comes from machined teeth in the tool body itself.

Commercial invoices and packing lists should identify the profile (flat, half-round, round, triangular, square) and cut grade (bastard cut, second cut, smooth cut, or rasp cut for wood rasps). These specifications support accurate classification, facilitate CBP examination, and align with buyer purchase orders. Mismatched specifications between documentation and physical goods are a common cause of entry delays for this product category.