Ferronickel is commercially graded primarily by nickel content, with higher-nickel grades (35–40% Ni) commanding a premium over lower-nickel grades (20–25% Ni) because they deliver more nickel units per tonne of material handled and charged. For classification purposes, the material must contain nickel as the predominant alloying element relative to other non-iron metals; if another element predominates, a different ferroalloy heading may apply. Mill certificates should clearly state the nickel, iron, carbon, sulfur, and phosphorus content.

Ferronickel is produced from laterite ores, which are geographically concentrated in tropical regions. Production is energy-intensive, making power costs and energy policy in producing countries a significant factor in supply availability and price. Unlike sulfide-based nickel intermediates, ferronickel is typically shipped in bulk or in large bags, so vessel availability, port infrastructure at the origin, and moisture content (which affects weight and handling) are practical logistics concerns for importers.