Yes. APHIS requires an import permit for cottonseed from most origins due to the risk of introducing cotton boll weevil and other regulated pests. The permit specifies treatment and handling conditions, and shipments without a valid permit will be refused entry or destroyed. Importers should apply for permits well in advance of planned shipments.

Imported cottonseeds are used primarily for crushing to produce cottonseed oil and meal, with the meal serving as a protein supplement in dairy and beef cattle rations. Whole fuzzy cottonseed is also fed directly to dairy cattle for its fat and fiber content. The specific end use affects whether the product enters as a food ingredient (FDA oversight) or as an animal feed (FDA and state feed regulations).