Most stony (scleractinian) corals are listed under CITES Appendix II, requiring both a CITES export permit from the country of origin and a CITES import permit or declaration reviewed by the US Fish and Wildlife Service. Black coral (Antipatharia) is listed under Appendix II as well. Importers should identify the species in their shipment before contracting, as some coral products — particularly those from non-CITES-listed species — may be exempt, but the burden of proof rests with the importer.

Cuttlebone (the internal shell of cuttlefish) from non-CITES-listed species is generally not subject to CITES controls, but it is an animal-origin product and may require an APHIS import permit or health certificate depending on the country of origin and intended use. Cuttlebone destined for use as a dietary supplement or animal feed ingredient may also require FDA review. Importers should confirm current APHIS and FDA requirements for the specific end use before shipment to avoid port-of-entry holds.