Brazil nuts are unique among major traded tree nuts in that they are almost exclusively wild-harvested from Amazonian forests rather than cultivated on plantations, making supply inherently variable and tied to forest ecosystem conditions. Bolivia and Brazil together account for virtually all global export supply, with Bolivia typically the leading source for US imports. Aflatoxin and radioactivity levels are recurring regulatory concerns—FDA monitors Brazil nut shipments for aflatoxin contamination, and some markets have historically flagged elevated natural radioactivity from soil uptake. Importers should maintain robust Foreign Supplier Verification Program documentation and confirm current FDA admissibility status before contracting.

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