U.S. imports of Alumina Refining & Primary Aluminum Production (NAICS 331313) totaled $973.8M in August 2026, imported from 49 countries.
Importers of Alumina Refining & Primary Aluminum Production paid $387.2M in duties in August 2026, an average duty rate of 40.60% — duty actually collected as a share of the imports that cleared customs, not the published tariff schedule.
Last updated: August 2026 dataAlumina — the calcined aluminum oxide intermediate refined from bauxite — and primary aluminum produced via electrolytic reduction are the foundational upstream inputs for the entire aluminum supply chain. NAICS 331313 captures both the Bayer-process refining of alumina and the Hall-Héroult smelting that converts it to unwrought metal, two energy-intensive steps that heavily influence global sourcing decisions. Section 232 measures apply to primary aluminum imports, and trade professionals must track country-of-origin carefully, as exemption status and quota thresholds differ by supplier nation.
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4.0K import shipments a month
Section 232 tariffs target aluminum articles, and the applicability to alumina as a precursor input versus a finished aluminum product can depend on specific HTS classification. Importers should consult a licensed customs broker to confirm whether their alumina shipments fall within the scope of Section 232 or are classified as a chemical intermediate outside its reach.
Country-of-origin determinations for primary aluminum generally require a certificate of origin and, where applicable, a mill certificate identifying the smelter. Given that Section 232 exemptions and quotas are origin-specific, accurate documentation of the smelting country — not just the shipping country — is critical to correct duty assessment.
National industry 1 of 4 in naics industry 33131
National industry 331313 · $973.8M of $1.9B
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Imports · August 2026
origin
Canada and United Arab Emirates together supply 75% of it. Mexico pays 50.0% duty; United Arab Emirates 22.2%.
customs district
Census does not publish district detail for this classification system.
destination
Census publishes state breakdowns for NAICS to the 4-digit level only. See NAICS 3313 for those.
entry
Census does not publish port detail for this classification system.
ImportsExports
Imports
$973.8MYoY · free account
Exports
$175.1MYoY · free account
12-mo low · imports
Low · free accountOver the twelve months to August 2026, the U.S. imported $11.1B of Alumina Refining & Primary Aluminum Production and exported $1.8B.
Through August 2026. Source: U.S. Census Bureau.