Both ilmenite and rutile are classified here, as are leucoxene and other titanium-bearing mineral concentrates. The heading does not subdivide by mineral type at the HS6 level, so all forms fall under subheading 261400 regardless of TiO₂ content or processing method.

Titanium ores and concentrates are unprocessed or beneficiated mineral products classified here. Once the mineral is chemically processed to produce titanium dioxide (TiO₂) as a pigment or industrial chemical, it moves to a different chapter covering inorganic chemicals. The key test is whether the material retains its mineral character or has been chemically transformed.