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HSChapter 90
U.S. imports of non-optical microscopes & diffraction apparatus (HS 901210) totaled $22.4M in April 2026, traded with 16 countries.
Importers of Non-Optical Microscopes & Diffraction Apparatus paid $1.8M in duties in April 2026 — an effective duty rate of 8.7% on $20.2M in dutiable value, based on actual customs collections rather than the published tariff schedule. Non-Optical Microscopes & Diffraction Apparatus imports of $22.4M in April 2026 ran 31% above the year-to-date monthly average of $17.1M.
Last updated: April 2026 dataElectron microscopes, ion microscopes, scanning probe microscopes, and X-ray diffraction apparatus — instruments that form images or analyze structure without relying on visible light — are classified together under a single 10-digit line (9012100000). Czech Republic leads US import supply, followed by Japan and Germany, a distribution that reflects the global footprint of major electron microscopy manufacturers. These instruments are critical capital equipment for semiconductor fabrication, nanotechnology research, and advanced materials characterization, and individual units frequently carry very high declared values. Because no subdivision exists within the US tariff line, classification disputes in this heading typically center on whether an instrument qualifies as a microscope or diffraction apparatus versus a related analytical instrument in another Chapter 90 heading.
AI-written summary of the official U.S. Census Bureau trade figures on this page — verify before relying on it.
The distinction often turns on whether the instrument's primary function is to produce a magnified image of a specimen (microscope) versus to measure or analyze physical or chemical properties (analytical instrument). For example, a scanning electron microscope used primarily for imaging classifies under 9012.10, while an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer used primarily for elemental analysis may fall under a different heading. When an instrument performs both functions, the principal use and design intent guide classification.
The Czech Republic hosts major manufacturing operations for leading global electron microscopy companies, particularly in the Brno region, which has developed into a recognized center for high-end electron and ion beam instrument production. This geographic concentration of manufacturing explains the country's prominence in US import data for this technically demanding product category.
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Monthly import values over time
| Country | Imports | Exports | Balance |
|---|---|---|---|
| CZECH REPUBLIC | $11.5M | $222K | -$11.3M |
| JAPAN | $6.2M | $711K | -$5.5M |
| CHINA | $28K | $3.0M | +$3.0M |
| GERMANY | $2.2M | $746K | -$1.5M |
| TAIWAN | $145K | $2.3M | +$2.2M |
HS10 import codes under this HS6 parent. Source: U.S. Harmonized Tariff Schedule.
| Code | Description | Import Value | Effective Tariff % | Duty Collected |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9012100000 | MICROSCOPES, EXC OPTICAL; DIFFRACTION APPARATUS | $22.4M | 8.68% | $1.8M |
MICROSCOPES, EXC OPTICAL; DIFFRACTION APPARATUS
HS10 export codes under this HS6 parent. Source: U.S. Schedule B export classification.
| Code | Description | Export Value |
|---|---|---|
| 9012100000 | MICROSCOPES, EXC OPTICAL; DIFFRACTION APPARATUS | $8.0M |
MICROSCOPES, EXC OPTICAL; DIFFRACTION APPARATUS
4.1K no
INSTR & APPL F MEDICAL SURGICAL DENTAL VET, NESOI
HS 901890
MED NEEDLES. NESOI, CATHERERS ETC AND PARTS ETC
HS 901839
ARTIFICIAL JOINTS & PARTS & ACCESSORIES THEROF,NES
HS 902139
ELECTRO-DIAGNOSTIC APPARATUS NESOI, AND PARTS ETC.
HS 901819
OZONE,OXYGEN,ETC THERAPY, RESPIRATION APPARATUS,PT
HS 901920
MEAS CHECKNG INSTRUMENT & MACH, NOT OPTICAL, NESOI
HS 903180
| State | Imports | Exports | Balance |
|---|---|---|---|
| California | $3.8M | $3.2M | -$628K |
| Oregon | $4.9M | $1.4M | -$3.5M |
| Texas | $4.6M | $42K | -$4.6M |
| Port | Imports | Exports | Balance |
|---|---|---|---|
| LOS ANGELES INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, CA | $3.1M | $4.1M | +$1.0M |
| CHICAGO, IL | $3.5M | $2.4M | -$1.1M |
| JFK INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, NY | $3.9M | $94K | -$3.8M |