Lead Monoxide (Litharge, Massicot)

Lead monoxide (PbO) — marketed commercially as litharge (orthorhombic form) or massicot (tetragonal form) — is used in lead-acid battery plate manufacturing, glass and ceramic frits, and PVC heat stabilizers. Classified under tariff line 2824100000, it is subject to EPA and OSHA hazardous-substance regulations that affect handling, labeling, and waste-management requirements throughout the supply chain. South Africa leads US supply, followed by Brazil and Australia. Importers should ensure compliance with EPA Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) reporting obligations applicable to lead compounds.