Disodium Tetraborate (Refined Borax), Except Anhydrous

Hydrated forms of refined borax — principally the decahydrate (borax decahydrate) and pentahydrate — fall under this heading and are widely used in laundry products, agricultural micronutrient formulations, and wood preservatives. The distinction from anhydrous borax (284011) is the presence of water of crystallization, which affects bulk density, solubility rate, and downstream processing requirements. Turkey leads US imports under this heading, with Guatemala and Italy also among the notable suppliers. All imports resolve to a single tariff line (2840190000), but origin verification remains important given Turkey's market position and potential trade-remedy exposure from other origins.